Worsening of Lipid Metabolism After Successful Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism

Abstract/Summary:

Primary aldosteronism (PA) describes the most frequent cause of secondary arterial hypertension. Recently, deterioration of lipid metabolism after adrenalectomy (ADX) for aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) has been described. We analyzed longitudinal changes in lipid profiles in a large prospective cohort of PA patients. Data of 215 consecutive PA patients with APA (n = 144) or bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia (IHA, n = 71) were extracted from the database of the German Conn’s Registry. Patients were investigated before and 1 year after successful treatment by ADX or by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), fasting plasma glucose and components of lipid metabolism including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined at 8.00 after a 12-h fasting period. One year after initiation of treatment mean serum potassium levels and blood pressure normalized in the patients. HDL-C and TG developed inversely with decreasing HDL-C levels in patients with APA (p = .046) and IHA (p = .004) and increasing TG levels (APA p = .000; IHA p = .020). BMI remained unchanged and fasting plasma glucose improved in patients with APA (p = .004). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease of GFR in both subgroups at follow-up (p = .000). Changes in HDL-C and TG correlated with decrease in GFR in multivariate analysis (p = .024). Treatment of PA is associated with a deterioration of lipid parameters despite stable BMI and improved fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure. This effect can be explained by renal dysfunction following ADX or MRA therapy.

Authors: Christian Adolf, Evelyn Asbach, Anna Stephanie Dietz, Katharina Lang, Stefanie Hahner, Marcus Quinkler, Lars Christian Rump, Martin Bidlingmaier, Marcus Treitl, Roland Ladurner, Felix Beuschlein, Martin Reincke
Keywords: aldosterone, glomerular hyperfiltration, lipid metabolism, adrenalectomy, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists
DOI Number: 10.1007/s12020-016-0983-9      Publication Year: 2016

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